Golden Gate Fields Gambling Age

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Legal forms of gambling in the U.S. state of California include cardrooms, Indian casinos, the California State Lottery, parimutuel wagering on horse racing, and charitable gaming.

Cardrooms[edit]

Licensed cardrooms may offer approved card games in which players vie against each other (rather than against the house), such as poker.[1] As of 2019, there were 66 cardrooms operating in the state (and another 21 licensed but not operating).[2] Since 1995, there has been a moratorium on new cardrooms.[3][4] The industry generated $850 million in revenue after payouts in 2018.[3]

Non-banked card games such as poker have always been legal in the state.[5] The California Penal Code, enacted in 1872, prohibited several casino games by name, as well as all house-banked games, but did not outlaw poker.[6] Statewide cardroom regulations were enacted in 1984.[7]

Charitable gaming[edit]

Eligible nonprofit organizations may operate bingo games,[8]raffles,[9] and poker nights.[10] Organizations are limited to one poker night per year.[10]

State voters in 1976 approved a constitutional amendment allowing counties and cities to legalize charitable bingo.[11][12] An amendment to allow charitable raffles passed in 2000, and enabling legislation went into effect in 2001.[13][14] Legislation allowing poker night fundraisers took effect in 2007.[15][16]

Parimutuel wagering[edit]

Parimutuel wagering on horse racing is permitted at racetracks and satellite wagering facilities, and online through advance-deposit wagering providers.[17][18] Extended racing meets are held throughout the year at five tracks: Cal Expo, Del Mar, Golden Gate Fields, Los Alamitos, and Santa Anita.[19] Four other fairgrounds tracks hold brief meets in the summer and early fall.[19] There are 27 satellite wagering facilities throughout the state, most of them found at county fairgrounds, cardrooms, and tribal casinos.[20] Racing and wagering is regulated by the California Horse Racing Board.[21] As of 2018, the annual amount wagered on California races was $3.2 billion, with $662 million retained after payouts.[22]

Horse race wagering was legalized by voter referendum in 1933.[23] Satellite wagering was first legalized at fairgrounds in 1985,[24] and was expanded to private facilities in 2008.[25] Advance-deposit wagering became legal in 2002.[26]

Indian gaming[edit]

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Federally recognized tribes can operate casinos under the federal Indian Gaming Regulatory Act. As of 2019, there were 63 casinos operated by 61 different tribes.[27] The industry generates approximately $8 billion in annual revenue after payouts.[3] Pursuant to tribal-state compacts negotiated with the state, tribes with larger casinos share a portion of their revenues with non-gaming or limited gaming tribes (those with fewer than 350 slot machines).[28]

Lottery[edit]

The California State Lottery offers scratchcards and draw games, including the multi-state Powerball and Mega Millions games.[29]

The Lottery was approved by voter referendum in 1984 and sold its first tickets in 1985.[30]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Golden Gate Fields Gambling Age
  1. ^Charlene Wear Simmons (May 2006). Gambling in the Golden State 1998 Forward(PDF) (Report). California State Library. p. 107. Retrieved 2016-07-21.
  2. ^'Active Gambling Establishments in California'. California Gambling Control Commission. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  3. ^ abc'Overview of Gambling in California'(PDF). Legislative Analyst's Office. February 2019. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
  4. ^SB 654: Local moratorium: Gambling tables(PDF) (Report). Assembly Committee on Governmental Organization. June 21, 2017. p. 2. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  5. ^Analysis of AB 317 (Report). Office of Senate Floor Analyses. 1999. Retrieved 2016-07-28.
  6. ^Tibbetts v. Van de Kamp, 222 Cal. App. 3d 392, 393-94 (1990).
  7. ^'Bureau of Gambling Control'. Office of the Attorney General. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
  8. ^Charlie LeDuff (November 25, 2002). 'California bingo hall plays on world stage'. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2016-07-20.
  9. ^'Raffles'. Office of the Attorney General. Retrieved 2016-07-20.
  10. ^ ab'Nonprofit Organization Gambling Fundraiser Registration Program'. Office of the Attorney General. Retrieved 2016-07-20.
  11. ^Joseph R. Grodin; Michael B. Salerno; Darien Shanske (2015). The California State Constitution. Oxford University Press. pp. 166–167.
  12. ^'Opinion No. 96-1011'(PDF). Office of the Attorney General of California. December 31, 1998. p. 2.
  13. ^Michael Gardner (July 17, 2000). 'Raffles leave lawmakers in quandary'. San Diego Union-Tribune – via NewsBank.
  14. ^Andy Bruno; Steve Chae (May 29, 2001). 'New law on raffles effective soon'. San Jose Mercury News – via NewsBank.
  15. ^Gina Faridniya (August 25, 2006). 'State may OK casino nights Bill to let charities hold games sent to governor'. Ventura County Star – via NewsBank.
  16. ^Vic Pollard (January 1, 2007). 'State's new laws go into effect'. The Bakersfield Californian – via NewsBank.
  17. ^'Horse Racing and California Fairs'(PDF). California Authority of Racing Fairs. Retrieved 2016-07-20.
  18. ^'Advance Deposit Wagering'. California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  19. ^ ab'2019 Racing Schedule'. California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  20. ^'Simulcast Facilities'. California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  21. ^'CHRB Mission Statement'. California Horse Racing Board. Retrieved 2016-07-23.
  22. ^48th Annual Report of the California Horse Racing Board(PDF) (Report). California Horse Racing Board. 2018. p. 45. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  23. ^Hank Wesch (July 29, 1987). 'Track survived hard times to flourish'. San Diego Union-Tribune – via NewsBank.
  24. ^Jeff Meyers (October 2, 1991). 'Horse latitude: Ventura Fairgrounds provides alternative to track betting'. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  25. ^Jack Shinar (December 15, 2010). 'California sports bar to open mini-satellite'. The Blood-Horse. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  26. ^Don Thompson (August 26, 2002). 'Remote wagering slow but steady in California'. Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  27. ^'Ratified Tribal-State Gaming Compacts (New and Amended)'. California Gambling Control Commission. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  28. ^David Olson (April 27, 2015). 'Tribal casinos: From poverty to payday'. The Press-Enterprise. Riverside, CA. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  29. ^'Play Overview'. California State Lottery. Retrieved 2016-07-21.
  30. ^Robert Crabbe (September 28, 1986). 'California lottery meets with success, ambivalence'. UPI. Retrieved 2019-03-02.

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