Red hot pokers | |
---|---|
Fiery colored Kniphofia | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Order: | Asparagales |
Family: | Asphodelaceae |
Subfamily: | Asphodeloideae |
Genus: | Kniphofia Moench |
Synonyms[1] | |
|
Kniphofia ‘Toffee Nosed' is a compact herbaceous perennial to 1m in height. These plants produce spikes of upright, brightly-coloured, red-to-orange flowers. This gives names such as 'torch' and 'red hot poker' to many of them. The flowers produce copious nectar. Kniphofia Toffee Nosed (Toffee Nosed Red Hot Poker): Kniphofia 'Toffee Nosed' is a wonderful 1980s introduction, selected by John Metcalf of Four Seasons Nursery in the UK. Compared to the larger poke.
Kniphofia/nɪpˈhoʊfiə/,[2] also called tritoma, red hot poker, torch lily, knofflers[citation needed] or poker plant, is a genus of perennialflowering plants in the familyAsphodelaceae, first described as a genus in 1794.[3] It is native to Africa.
Description[edit]
Herbaceous species and hybrids have narrow, grass-like leaves 10–100 cm (4–39 in) long, while evergreen species have broader, strap-shaped foliage up to 1.5 m (5 ft) long. All plants produce spikes of upright, brightly coloured flowers well above the foliage, in shades of red, orange and yellow, often bicoloured.[4] The flowers produce copious nectar while blooming and are attractive to bees and sunbirds. In the New World they may attract sap-suckers such as hummingbirds and New World orioles.
Etymology[edit]
The genus Kniphofia is named after Johann Hieronymus Kniphof, an 18th-century German physician and botanist.
Cultivation[edit]
Several species of Kniphofia are cultivated as garden plants, valued for their architectural properties. These include K. galpini, K. northiae, K. rooperi and K. thomsonii.
In addition to the species, many named cultivars of mixed or uncertain parentage have been selected for garden use. The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-[5]
- 'Bees' Sunset'[6] (yellow)
- 'Brimstone Bloom'[7] (sulphur yellow)
- 'Buttercup'[8] (clear yellow)
- 'Nobilis'[9] (evergreen, orange and yellow)
- 'Royal Standard'[10] (red and yellow)
- 'Samuel's Sensation'[11] (tall herbaceous variety, scarlet flowers fading to yellow at the base)
- 'Sunningdale Yellow'[12] (orange-yellow)
- 'Tawny King'[13] (cream/brown)
- 'Toffee Nosed'[14] (cream/brown)
- 'Wrexham Buttercup'[15] (yellow)
Species[edit]
There are about 73 described species.[1][16]
- Kniphofia acraeaCodd - Cape Province of South Africa
- Kniphofia albescensCodd - Mpumalanga, KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia albomontanaBaijnath - Lesotho, South Africa
- Kniphofia angustifolia(Baker) Codd - KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia ankaratrensisBaker - Madagascar
- Kniphofia bauriiBaker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
- Kniphofia benguellensisWelw. ex Baker - Angola, Zambia
- Kniphofia bequaertiiDe Wild. - Zaïre, Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda
- Kniphofia brachystachya(Zahlbr.) Codd - Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
- Kniphofia brevifloraHarv. ex Baker - KwaZulu-Natal, Free State
- Kniphofia bruceae(Codd) Codd - Cape Province
- Kniphofia buchananiiBaker - KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia caulescensBaker - Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province, Free State
- Kniphofia citrinaBaker - Cape Province
- Kniphofia coddianaCufod. - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
- Kniphofia coralligemmaE.A.Bruce - Limpopo
- Kniphofia crassifoliaBaker - Limpopo
- Kniphofia drepanophyllaBaker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
- Kniphofia dubiaDe Wild - Zaire, Tanzania, Zambia, Angola
- Kniphofia ensifoliaBaker - South Africa
- Kniphofia × erythraeaeFiori - Eritrea (K. pumila × K. schimperi)
- Kniphofia evansiiBaker - KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia fibrosaBaker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
- Kniphofia flammulaCodd - KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia fluviatilisCodd - South Africa
- Kniphofia foliosaHochst. - Ethiopia
- Kniphofia galpiniiBaker - KwaZulu-Natal, Swaziland, Mpumalanga
- Kniphofia goetzeiEngl. - Tanzania
- Kniphofia gracilisHarv. ex Baker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
- Kniphofia grantiiBaker - Zaïre, Tanzania, Zambia, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Malawi
- Kniphofia hildebrandtiiCufod. - Ethiopia
- Kniphofia hirsutaCodd - Lesotho, Cape Province
- Kniphofia ichopensisSchinz - KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia insignisRendle - Ethiopia
- Kniphofia isoetifoliaHochst. - Ethiopia
- Kniphofia latifoliaCodd - KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia laxifloraKunth - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
- Kniphofia leucocephalaBaijnath - KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia linearifoliaBaker - Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland, South Africa
- Kniphofia littoralisCodd - KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia marungensisLisowski & Wiland - Zaïre
- Kniphofia mulanjeanaS.Blackmore - Mt. Mulanje in Malawi
- Kniphofia multifloraJ.M.Wood & M.S.Evans - Swaziland, South Africa
- Kniphofia nanaMarais - Zaïre
- Kniphofia northiaeBaker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
- Kniphofia nubigenaMildbr. - Sudan
- Kniphofia pallidifloraBaker - Massif de l' Ankaratra in Madagascar
- Kniphofia paludosaEngl - Elton Plateau in Tanzania
- Kniphofia parvifloraKunth - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
- Kniphofia paucifloraBaker - KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia porphyranthaBaker - Lesotho, Swaziland, South Africa
- Kniphofia praecoxBaker - Cape Province
- Kniphofia princeae (A.Berger) Marais - Zaïre, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Malawi
- Kniphofia pumila(Aiton) Kunth - Zaïre, Kenya, Uganda, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea
- Kniphofia reflexaHutch. ex Codd - Nigeria, Cameroon (endangered)[17]
- Kniphofia reynoldsiiCodd - Tanzania, Zambia
- Kniphofia rigidifoliaE.A.Bruce - Mpumalanga
- Kniphofia ritualisCodd - Free State, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia rooperi(T.Moore) Lem. - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
- Kniphofia sarmentosa (Andrews) Kunth - Cape Province
- Kniphofia schimperiBaker - Ethiopia, Eritrea
- Kniphofia splendidaE.A.Bruce - Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, northeastern South Africa, Swaziland
- Kniphofia strictaCodd - Cape Province, Lesotho
- Kniphofia sumaraeDeflers - Ibb Mountains of Yemen
- Kniphofia tabularisMarloth - Cape Province
- Kniphofia thodeiBaker - Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal
- Kniphofia thomsoniiBaker - Zaïre, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia
- Kniphofia triangularisKunth - Lesotho, South Africa
- Kniphofia typhoidesCodd - Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Mpumalanga
- Kniphofia tysoniiBaker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province, Swaziland
- Kniphofia umbrinaCodd - Swaziland
- Kniphofia uvaria(L.) Oken - Cape Province; naturalized in Mexico, North Carolina, Spain, Oregon, Turkey, Washington State, St. Helena, California
- Kniphofia vandewegheiFischer & Ackermann - Rwanda
Gallery[edit]
Yellow Kniphofia
'Shenandoah' Red Hot Poker
Kniphofia foliosa in Simien Mountains National Park, Ethiopia
Kniphofia along the Ohlone Greenway trail in El Cerrito, California
References[edit]
- ^ abKew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
- ^Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Asphodeloideae
- ^RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN1405332964.
- ^'AGM Plants - Ornamental'(PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 57. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
- ^'RHS Plant Selector - Kniphofia 'Bees Sunset'. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^'RHS Plant Selector - Kniphofia 'Brimstone Bloom''. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^'RHS Plant Selector - Kniphofia 'Buttercup''. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^'RHS Plant Selector - Kniphofia 'Nobilis''. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^'RHS Plant Selector - Kniphofia 'Royal Standard''. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^'RHS Plant Selector - Kniphofia 'Samuel's Sensation''. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^'RHS Plant Selector - Kniphofia 'Sunningdale Yellow''. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^'RHS Plant Selector - Kniphofia 'Tawny King''. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^'RHS Plant Selector - Kniphofia 'Toffee Nosed''. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^'RHS Plant Selector - Kniphofia 'Wrexham Buttercup''. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^'A New Species of Kniphofia from Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda'. Novataxa. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
- ^'Kniphofia reflexa'. Redlist.org. Retrieved 2012-05-13.
External links[edit]
Toffee Nosed Red Hot Poker
- Dressler, S.; Schmidt, M. & Zizka, G. (2014). 'Kniphofia'. African plants – a Photo Guide. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kniphofia. |
Toffee Nosed Sorts
Wikispecies has information related to Kniphofia |